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Sclerotherapy
a medical procedure that treats blood vessel and lymphatic system malformations by injecting a solution into the affected vessels to make them shrink. It's commonly used to treat varicose and spider veins on the legs, but can also be used to treat hemorrhoids and other conditions:
Varicose and spider veins
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Sclerotherapy is the most common treatment for these conditions, which can cause aching, swelling, and burning. The solution irritates the lining of the vein, causing it to swell, stick together, and form a scar, which closes off the vein.
How Sclerotherapy Works?
Injection: A sclerosing agent, which is usually a liquid or foam, is injected directly into the vein using a fine needle. Common sclerosing agents include sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) and polidocanol.
Reaction: The sclerosing agent irritates the lining of the vein, causing it to swell, stick together, and form a scar. This process effectively closes off the vein.
Reabsorption: Over time, the closed vein is reabsorbed by the body, and blood is redirected to healthier veins. The treated vein becomes less visible or disappears completely.
Benefits
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Effective for Varicose and Spider Veins: It can significantly improve the appearance of varicose and spider veins and alleviate symptoms such as pain and swelling.
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Minimally Invasive: The procedure is minimally invasive, requiring only small injections rather than large incisions. It typically does not require anesthesia.
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Quick Procedure: Takes about 30 to 60 minutes, depending on the number and size of veins being treated.
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Short Recovery Time: Most patients can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure, though it is advised to avoid strenuous activities for a short period.
Procedure Details
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Preparation: There is typically no special preparation needed. However, patients may be advised to wear compression stockings after the procedure to help the healing process and improve outcomes.
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Follow-Up: Multiple sessions may be required to achieve the desired results, particularly if treating larger or multiple veins. Follow-up appointments are necessary to assess the results and determine if additional treatments are needed.
Side Effects and Risks
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Common Side Effects: These can include temporary redness, swelling, itching, or bruising at the injection sites. These side effects usually resolve on their own within a few days to weeks.
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Serious Risks: Rare but serious complications can include:
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Ulceration: Formation of sores or ulcers at the injection sites.
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Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): A blood clot can form in a deeper vein, which is a serious but rare complication.
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Allergic Reaction: Though uncommon, some individuals may have an allergic reaction to the sclerosing agent.
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Pigmentation Changes: Temporary skin discoloration or darkening in the treated area.
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Considerations
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Candidate Evaluation: Not everyone is a candidate for sclerotherapy. A thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider is essential to determine if the procedure is appropriate, especially for individuals with significant medical conditions or large varicose veins.
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Pregnancy and Health Conditions: Women who are pregnant or have certain health conditions may be advised to avoid or postpone the procedure.
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Post-Procedure Care: It is important to follow post-procedure care instructions, which may include wearing compression stockings, avoiding prolonged sitting or standing, and adhering to any activity restrictions.
Sclerotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for varicose and spider veins, offering a minimally invasive alternative to surgical options. It is well-suited for patients seeking to improve the appearance of their veins and alleviate related symptoms. However, as with any medical procedure, it is important to consult with a qualified healthcare provider to understand the benefits, risks, and suitability based on individual health conditions.